What is the compression-to-breath ratio in adult CPR?

• A. 15 compressions to 2 breaths
• B. 30 compressions to 2 breaths
• C. 30 compressions to 1 breath
• D. 15 compressions to 1 breath

Answer: (B)

The compression-to-breath ratio in adult CPR is 30 compressions to 2 breaths. This ratio is recommended by the American Heart Association for adults who require cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It emphasizes a quick and efficient cycle of chest compressions, which are the most crucial aspect of CPR for maintaining blood circulation and oxygenation to vital organs.

The reasoning behind using 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths is to maximize the time spent on compressions—providing an effective blood flow to the heart and brain. The compressions should be performed at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute, followed by the two rescue breaths to ensure oxygen reaches the lungs, thus supporting the overall goal of CPR: to restore life-sustaining functions until advanced medical help arrives. This ratio is a standard protocol that emphasizes the importance of high-quality chest compressions in achieving a successful resuscitation outcome.